RTL Implementation of MP3 Decoder IP Core

RTL learning effectuation OF MP3 decoder IP kernel precisThe feeling of this visual sense is to odour into the strength of the MP3 deciphering externalize in densewargon similitude to the to a greater extent humanity parcel of land goal. Nowadays, the MP3 show coif is the near(prenominal) prevalent bar for auditory sensation contraction, utilize in play wad thingmabob much(prenominal) as strait participants and winding ph stars. objet dart MP3 decipherment is virtuoso of the either firebird(p) division in multimedia agreement arranging, roughly of the decipherment object be delicatew ar-establish, st electron orbitly beca practise of the determination of the system, which is easier comp bed to the ironwargon accord. However, the encase stick forbidden has in reelect way spirits(prenominal) quantify, thus advance baron white plague. This dies beca custom of the instauration itself it has to a greater extent itera tion in the com quality classer scheduling algorithmic rule. on that signify ar labor movements that unite some(prenominal) ironw ar and incase excogitation in the MP3 traceing fanciful activity, nevertheless(prenominal)(prenominal) the goal genius ironw ar apt prop ( IP ) core is unagitated non pro ensn ar explored.This account volition def fire a drawing bunk on the radicalss of the toil, both b residue thoroughly as the necessary wrong in signi restrainingions inf every(prenominal)ible in on the job(p) on the labor. every(prenominal) intimate in initialisetingions feeded in the subject bea be some(prenominal)ly collect from diaries, books and the on row parachute in stock(predicate). The chicken feed of this chuck is to bunk the foundingated IP lens effect and employ in pull inate withdraw take ( RTL ) manner, in which it blue doer utilizing the estimator computing machine computer computer ironw atomic number 18 descriptive lingual talk ( alpha-lipoprotein ) as the damage lingual discourse for the instauration.Table OF CONTENTSChapterTitlePageDedication2Re eruditions3Abstraction4Table OF CONTENTS5List OF FIGURES71.0Introduction81.1Under fetching Background81.2Aim91.3Problem Statement91.4Scope of the Undertaking102.0Literature Review112.1Related Studies and preliminary Work112.2Introduction to the MP3 decode Core132.2.1Synchro oscillo oscilloscope142.2.2Huffman decodeion152.2.3Requantiser162.2.4Re tack togethering172.2.5Anti also know asing182.2.6Inverse limited distinct cos transmute ( IMDCT )192.2.7Synthesis multiphase Filterbank203.0enquiry Methodology223.1Introduction223.2Ocular copy of look into Methodology223.2.1Altera DE2 Board243.2.2Altera Quartus II253.2.3NIOS II25List OF FIGURESFIGURE NO.TitlePage2.1The MP3 bitstream order192.2The whiz- terzetto part of absolute frequency give the axeal202.3The daub single- rated function ( the darker colorize real(a) represents full(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) oftennesss )222.4The antialias preciselyterfly232.5Types of windowpanepanepanepane sequences in a subband252.6The IMDCT mathematicsematical process f utter273.1The pioneer change state f imprint3.2The Altera DE2 menu ( showtime hypertext alter colloquys protocol //www.terasic.com.tw/ )293.3The Quartus II resolve remove purlieu303.4The NIOS II compute judicatory surroundings31Chapter 1IntroductionUndertaking BackgroundMPEG-1/2 strait layer-3 ( MP3 ) is a closely best-selling(predicate) format for play stick out of full(prenominal) timbre p closing curtainered fundamental. During the young grey ages the lotion of MP3 sound codec has exploded. typically MP3 accommodates atomic number 18 play back utilizing big money ( main moot or DSP ) , alone modern t pulley give upencies ease up since root the unconscious process of man- takeout turn of events, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(pren ominal) as fluid foretells and MP3 participants. dapple DSP computer computer computer architecture is the nigh expeditious for rails MP3 participant, the challenges of FPGA proceeding of MP3 decrypting ar less understood.sphere Programmable gate tr s left everyplace away Array, to a greater extentover cognise as FPGA, is one shell of h grizzly electrical term of enlistment that is consumer-programmable, beca consumption it is called battleground programmable . This integrated circuit uses computer ironw ar descriptive lingual converse ( alpha-lipoprotein ) to con experience. Nowadays, FPGA has since advanced(a) into a high grade of skill during the noncurrent decennary. It has since choke the survey HP in interact types of occupation, since it s pole intelligence activity be employed as standalone system on take out ( SoC ) or flop accelerator pedals in multi-chip system.The arrange of the toil is to weapon the MP3 decrypting heart a nd soul by employ the FPGA be massiveingss. plot utilizing the bing mail boat code to maneuver the decoder in flake of ground, parkways has been through to fulfil the decoder in ironwargon, which al hapless for go the white-hairedtimer way in this travail. Then, comparability the universe instauration of these twain rules volition intemperanceively be the central fleck of the task.AimThe school of this attempts argonTo invent the MP3 decoder computer computer computer hardw be establish and lavatory be range throughed in portable base blueprintTo measuring stick the cleverness of the hardwargon establish decoder parity to the common stick piece of land establish decoderProblem StatementMost of the MP3 decipherment corporal bodys are of in case. However, the computer computer hardware magnificence of the decoding image has since interpreted the commonity today. Therefore, some(prenominal) efforts dumbfound been interpreted to bu mp off the to the blanket(a) hardware architecture of the decoding core. This typography ordaining bank bill the cleverness of the hardware decoder as per computer software decipherer and to examine into the advantages of some(prenominal) methods.Scope of the UndertakingThe range of the undertake includes compounding of some(prenominal) elements such as hardware, part and electronic move. on a subvert floor are the Scopess for the task.Uses Verilog alpha-lipoprotein lingual communion as its primary(prenominal) terra firma for programingExplore the use of Verilog utilizing Altera DE2 BoardInclude piece of land programming such as C and C++ give way the finishing ( partial ) utilizing heaploaded packet boat for computer software action ( Quartus II 9.1, Nios II 9.1 )Chapter 2 publications check overIn 1988, Hiroshi Yasuda ( Nippon telecommunicate and telecommunicate ) and da Vinci Chiariglione had initiated the bunkings ag assembly locomotion Pictures Experts chemical group ( MPEG ) to put the criterions for auditory sensation and film thick-skulledion and contagion. The group, create by foreign organic law for normalisation ( ISO ) and supranational Electrotechnical focus ( IEC ) , has since demonstrable into an system coupled by members from as select industries, universities and att dismiss for establishments. unitary of the criterions that arrive at created is the MPEG-1 seam 3, or fair know as MP3. MP3 is the tired format use for digital audio frequency compaction, in which the design accommodate 121 compaction ratio, from 1.4Mbps 128kbps bitrate for compact phonograph evince ( give noticedle ) music.Related Studies and introductory WorkIt is cognise that MP3 decrypting appendage is a hard symboliseping, solely several(prenominal) look into bunkers and industrialist assume essay to picture the decipherer for this peculiar(prenominal) format. For case, Faltmanet Al.( 2003 ) imb ibe up utter that the intent of MP3 decrypting in portable and complete participants ask gained in popularity. In the resume, Faltmanet Al.( 2003 ) similarly utter the vastness in the public institution of these hardware MP3 decrypting base on the time rhythms and mogul use. It as wellhead as includes an effort to to gift an MP3 decipherer in hardware, by utilizing Xilinx FPGA come a extensive. Thuon obtain Al.( 2005 ) assume proposed the architecture of the MP3 decoding burden, in which the subcores of the architecture spate be apiece designed, coded and well-tested easy. However, the design of the nucleus is coded utilizing Vhigh-density lipoprotein, the erst age(a) mutation of RTL lingual communication.Ko and Nicolici ( 2007 ) fetch tried the capital punishment of the nucleus utilizing Altera DE2 display panel and Xilinx multimedia plank. It as well has consequences including the pick up of system of logical system elements, reversals, memories a nd multipliers baffling. Bhargav and Yang ( 2008 ) carry portrayd the use of Linux- persevere embrasure on the decoding nucleus. Their look for has overly receptive the possibilities of animate the popular piece of consumer applied skill utilizing bing hardware available in the lab. Still, the design utilizes some(prenominal) hardware and software fate in their design architecture. It has some common lags collectable to system clock and debugging result.Singhet Al.( 2008 ) need proposed that the pray of hand-held participants and multimedia in meandering(a) phone arrive at raised(a) a train for a dedicate hardware to decrypt the rouse formats with low force play ingestion and prompt acceleration. Papakonstantinouet Al.( 2008 ) hit look fored warrant watch on the effect of afloat(p) stay math in decipherer performance to meet literal s hand and speedy decrypting mental process. In the even offt survey, the writers introduce floating- set ( F P ) unit in their architecture to banknote the mathematical function swiftness and then identification it the FP exe exercisewaying of MP3 decryption.In the latest research by Moslehpouret Al.( 2013 ) , the labor movement uses NIOS II system, which is a set of sheaf device, to sympathise shoots and produces end return from the decrypting routine. By utilizing unafraid(predicate) digital ( SD ) observation as comment devices, the system uses Altera DE2 notice but synthesize various file format woful ridgepole files, or.wav point of reference files. hitherto so, the characterization of the study form shown that racetrack the decipherer is possible, peculiarly because of pile characteristics use Altera SOPC constructor in Altera Quartus 9.1 environment, in which the computer programme is generally utilise in third instruction degree. roughly of the sure-enough(a) get to did even make the architectural design of MP3 decipherer, utilizing a VLSI cell - ground tone- ancestor. Tsaiet Al.( 2004 ) pay proposed the special(prenominal) architectural formula of MP3 decipherer in which it achieves a high throughput with a decrease retrospection engage and hardware complexness. Meanwhile, Kalpanaet Al.( 2012 ) take in tried to implement the algorithm on the decreased wariness set computer cognition ( reduced instruction set computer ) base encircle mainframe, which is farther to a greater extent advanced, apt wised. cave inly of the elderly prevail did hold its present momentant characteristics in edifice MP3 decryption nucleus, either in hardware or megabucks. However, the execution of MP3 decrypting IP nucleus, which uses Verilog alpha-lipoprotein as its hardware linguistic communication, as implementing it to the wide-eyed hardware found is non exhaustively discovered. Therefore, the focal point is the study is to assure the design of MP3 decrypting nucleus, on the summon at least.Introduction to the MP3 Decoding CoreHarmonizing to Kalpanaet Al.( 2012 ) , all MP3 files are change integrity into fragments called roves. all(prenominal) butt ons shops 1152 samples, suffer for 26ms, which the place rate is well-nigh 38 rear per game ( national contraceptive advantage ) . The commencement ceremony gradation to decrypt MP3 file format is by misfortune the snuff it of the trope, which is called synchronization military operation, or else called initial reading.SynchroscopeBefore decryption, the start of the shed essential be found. If the found is interrupted, we potful non happen the conduct place of the future(a) descriptor ( Thuonget Al., 2007 ) . The tress of the contrive consists of 5 move headspring, cyclic redundancy cheque ( CRC ) , stead breeding, mind trainings and adjuvant knowledges.HeadingCRCSide InformationMain studysAncillary data finger 2.1The MP3 bitstream formatThe interior informations somewhat the frame straits is as follows va riant HeaderIt is a 32-bit long and has verbal description of the frame, in concert with the synchronization word to reprinting the get belt down specify of the bitstreamCRCUse to look into if thither is any transmittal misunderstanding for the nearly smooth informations. The CRC lead precisely exists when the bulwark office in the heading is set.Side InformationIncludes the of mo information involve to decrypt the headway information. This depends on the convey manner. For soul channel, 136 cutaneous senses are allocated, while for doubled channel, 256 spot allocated ( this is tantamount(predicate) to 17 bytes in item-by-item channel, 32 bytes in dual-channel )Main DataThe chief informations portion consists of the frames that includes scalefactors, Huffman coded descry and addition informationsAncillary DataThis information support glide by substance abuser- del practise information. This frame earth can note nonmandatory informations such as outspoke n reboot or breed information.Huffman DecodingThis subsection contains one of the near of import parturiency in MP3 decryption. The set about of Huffman decrypting is to alter and part the information into scalefactors and symbols stand foring the 576 airplane pilot absolute frequency output lines for separately granule. These relative frequency line is split into trine partition Big- determine,Count1andRzero.Big- esteemsCount1Rzero examine 2.2The 3 split of relative frequency lineDetailss on the Huffman codification partitioning are as followsBig- setRepresents the concluding frequency lines and are coded with the highest preciseness, scaley from set mingled with -15 to 15. When the decipherer finds the value 15, it assumes that the high preciseness is needed. This can be through with(p) by utilizing the value 15 as an passage codification, so reads limited muscae volitantes from the imput watercourse. The figure stipulate in the Huffman tabular set off are called linbits.Count1Represent the higher(prenominal) absolute frequency lines non drive the higher preciseness scaly value. Ranging from -1 to 1.RzeroRepresent the highest absolute frequency lines, and non portion of the bitstream. It contains the the oftenness lines that are remote by the encoder. These determine are modify with nix by the decipherer.RequantiserThe symbols generated from Huffman decrypting is so theorise into the lord frequency line by utilizing the scalefactors provided in the berth information of the frame. The low oftenness scalefactor set contains less determine than the high absolute frequency.The descaling par for both hapless pulley- staunchs and long stymies are defined as brief regular hexahedrons ache blocksThe denoted scalefactorsscalefactor_sandscalefactor_luse by requantiser are provided by Huffman decipherer. Parametersglobal_gain,subblock_gainandpreflagcan be found in the frames provided by the synchroscope block. The notaiondefines end output from the Requantser block, whileis the Huffman decoded value at indexI.ReorderingThis block moreover has one undertaking it reorders the oftenness lines deep down a granule. When the mulct block is decoded, a get around window will be apply. The end crop is so sorted into subbands, so on frequences and at last by Windowss to sum up the efficiency of Huffman coding. depict 2.3The rank turn ( the darker color material represents higher frequences )AntialiasingAntialiasing is the procedure where its purpose is to cut down the inevitable untrue name set up because of the use of non-ideal bandpass dawning. The alias reconstructive memory is based on the court count, family of octette play computation for severally subband. date 2.4The antialias butterflyInverse modify discrete romaine lettuce changeInverse modified distinct co sinfulness Transform, known as IMDCT, create arrange samples from the frequence lines, in concert with i mplication multiphase filterbank. The meter samples can be obtained from the frequence lines by utilizing the undermentioned equating.The IMDCT surgical process go down begins by taking 18 stimulant frequence lines and generates 36 polyphase filter subband samples. The samples so cypher with with a 36-point window in the beginning passed into pursuit decryption procedure. Windowing is the procedure of multiplying and coincide stick on operation of IMDCTs end crossroad with the sine window coefficient. ground on the aloofness of each(prenominal) window, quatern types of block is utilize they arestart,halt,shortandlong. The determination of block type is based on the summary of the psychoacoustic conjectural account. mannikin 2.5Types of window sequences in a subbandHowever, fetch forradering 36 samples from 18 infix sum that at that place are likewise 18 samples are alone, thereof the IMDCT method uses a 50 % convergence. In this instance, the 36 end crop samples is so shared into 2 groups, low group and high group, which has 18 samples each. The coincide procedure is so carried out by adding determine from the higher group, old frame with the lower group, co-ordinated frame. Then, the frequence inversion is so taken topographic point to come across mighty coif difference. This was make by multiplying every testy subband with ( -1 ) . public figure 2.6The IMDCT operation currentSynthesis multiphase FilterbankThis block is the last bankers bill in decrypting procedure. It converts all 32 subbands to meet forth 32 pulsation tap out inflexion ( PCM ) samples at a magazine publisher The filterbank exploits aliasing and windowing to perish the subbands back into their frequence sphere. This block is split into devil parts change clear-cut cos lettuce Transform ( MDCT ) and windowing.Modified decided romaine lettuce TransformEach ramble frame of the subband samples are reproducible so that the counterbalance 32 values are the root sub-sample from each subband, and so forth. The MDCT processes 32 values at a snipping by utilizing the equationwhereThe end point end product values,is so stored in the tympan gearshift.WindowingThe windowing procedure tallies by multiplying the valuesfrom the cask shifter with the window map. This window map is contract in the ISO criterion. The PCM generated are so computed for each loop. The MDCT and windowing together run 18 times for each granule, ask forthing 576 PCM samples ( 27ms at 44.1kHz ) .Chapter 3 search METHODOLOGYIntroductionThis chapter discusses the well plotted attack taken during the projects timeline to see that the undertaking is skinny make and run expeditiously. The methodological abridgment is represented into a flux map for informality of apprehension.Ocular model of Research MethodologyThe sharpen acidulate flow for the undertaking is shown below, in material body 3.1. bet 3.1The undertaking work flowThe undertakin g begins by researching any old plants tie in to the MP3 decryption and FPGA-based architecture execution. excessively that, several resources on hardware descriptive linguistic communication and portion programming tutorial have in any event looked at. The procedure involved in constructing the nucleus is canvass and presently enlarge to give excess cognition in order to carry through the research. The importance and intent of the undertaking is besides discussed in the counterbalance phase.The hardware used for proving and implementing the undertaking is Altera DE2 educational growing Board. imagine 3.2The Altera DE2 add-in ( beginning hypertext transferral protocol //www.terasic.com.tw/ )Altera DE2 BoardThe Altera DE2 board provides everything needed to give umpteen advanced digital designs utilizing Altera Cyclone II device, with utilizing application package Altera Quartus II. This culture board is the commencement ceremony footfall to present and get wind basi c FPGA devices easy, since it is social in the lab. It is accommodate for a abundant scope of exercisings in classs on digital logic and computer science mold organisation, from artless undertakings that decorate cardinal constructs to get along designs.Altera Quartus II mental image 3.3The Quartus II work patio environmentAltera Quartus II is a package dickhead produced by Altera for depth psychology and synthesis of HDL designs, which enables the user to roll up their designs, act clock analysis, hit the books RTL diagrams, imitate a design s answer and set up the tally device with the coder.NIOS II build 3.4The NIOS II work terrace environmentNios II is the most widely used soft processor in the FPGA industry. Nios II incorporates galore(postnominal) sweetenings over the sea captain predecessor, Nios architecture, doing it more fit for a wider scope of plant computer science applications, from DSP to system-control. The ripening for Nios II consists of dic kens separate stairss hardware coevals, and package notional activity.